Adjustment Disorders

Adjustment disorders are stress-related conditions. This occurs when an individual experiences more stress than would normally be expected in response to a stressful or unexpected event, and this stress causes significant problems in their lives.

People with adjustment disorder continue to have emotional or behavioral reactions to any life changes even after a few months, and this can contribute to feelings of anxiety or depression. Adjustment disorders affect how you feel and think about yourself and the world and may affect actions and behaviors.  

The DSM-5 lists six different types of adjustment disorders they can be accompanied with depressed moot, anxiety, mixed anxiety and depressed mood, disturbance of conduct, mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct or unspecified.

Symptoms

  • Feeling sad, hopeless or not enjoying things you used to enjoy
  • Frequent crying
  • Trouble sleeping  
  • Lack of appetite  
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • Feeling overwhelmed  
  • Feeling anxious or nervous  
  • Withdrawing from social supports
  • Suicidal thoughts or behavior
  • Lack of appetite
  • Difficulty functioning in daily activities

Prevalence

Adjustment disorder is very common, specifically among children and adolescents. Adjustment disorder statistics show that prevalence rates fall between 11-18% of those who attend primary care.

Prognosis

The recovery rate from adjustment disorder is positive if it’s treated quickly and correctly. Adjustment disorder usually does not last longer than six months after a stressor is gone.

When to seek help

You should contact a doctor if you continue to struggle after a stressful or unexpected event, and you are having trouble getting through your daily life.

Treatment

  • Treatment for adjustment disorder includes psychotherapy that can provide emotional support, help clients get back to their normal routine, help them learn why the stressful event affected them intensely, and help them learn stress-management and coping skills to deal with stressful events.  
  • Medication can also be administered to help with symptoms of depression and anxiety.